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A new generation of add-on composite modular armor (AMAP) is the most advanced armor at this time in the world, it is a 4th generation composite armor and the first of making use of nano-ceramics and modern steel technology. Another advantage is that it can easilly be replaced if it gets damaged (which makes it easier for overhaul).
The composition of these kind of plates by turning these in very sharp acute angle (about 70 deg) their RHA value has been considerably improved.
But the the overall structure is also mixed of spaced,layered armour,
(by some experts estimated and calculated to be 2000mm in RHA, even in excess) As of today, no HEAT weapons coming even near to that level of penetrating performance are in existence. LOL! Compared to the old Leopard 2A4, HEAT protection of frontal turret has doubled!
to provide front and side multi-hit protection from RPGs, 14.5mm AP and 155mm shell fragments, at a total weight increase of only two tons.
most advanced? ********, it's just curved steel plates! Most effective? Possibly!
Nope, it is not just thick and heavy steel plates like they used in the T-72B, but it is a whole new generation of advanced 4th generation composite armor, making use of nano-ceramics and modern steel technology.
For comparison, the Challenger 2 and all other MBTs have still only 3rd generation of Composite armour. ;)
ah, sorry, didn't read your nice wall of text, but they look so much like steel plates! And I thought those extra things they put outsed the turret was solid... this is most interestingly!
Yeah. Of course it looks very massive, because the add-on armor blocks are in fact of very hard steel as you can see, really very hard (nearly impossible) to achieve high density levels of over 500 brinell done in LeoIIA6 (over half as muche as traditionally the armoured plates in tanks)!
But the overall construction is still mixed of spaced and layered armour but you can't see the different layers in this armor block. It is very different from Russian armor where you can still see the different armor plates and layers but German steel is much harder with a higher level of density.