In May 1871, the army of the French bourgeois government had assembled on the periphery of the Paris Commune, and a bloody war was on the horizon.
Commune members were busy digging trenches and building bunkers, while members of the Central Committee were intensively discussing future military policies and the implementation of some policies.
Within a few days, the French bourgeois army’s artillery announced the beginning of the attack, and the French government forces and the Commune’s National Guard fought fiercely on the streets.
Unsurprisingly, the National Guard was defeated by the French bourgeois army
Therefore, Marx and others wrote in the <<French Civil War>>: "If the Commune can take over the Bank of France, then this is more meaningful than the seizure of 100 hostages."
However, the problem presented by the Paris Commune is by no means as simple as taking over the Bank of France, but rather a problem with the Paris Commune's positioning.
That is, what kind of political power does the Paris Commune want to establish? Is it the national power that governs all of France or the local power that governs the Paris region? Obviously, the members of the Paris Commune did not figure out this issue, which caused a series of disastrous consequences.
Obviously, if it is only a local government, it will inevitably not be able to confront the French national government. Because the French national government can mobilize national resources to form an army, not just funding from the Bank of France. The power that the Paris Commune can mobilize is very limited.
In fact, some members raised this issue at that time, but it was not effectively resolved.
So from then on, the fate of the Paris Commune was determinded.
If the reason for the failure of the Paris Commune was due to its unclear positioning, then the reason for the disintegration of Soviet Russia or the Soviet Union was due to the problems of the Soviet-style socialist system.
In 1917, Lenin led the Bolsheviks to seize power and establish the first socialist country in human history. This is a feat that has never been attempted in human history, so the October Revolution of 1917 can be regarded as an extension of the Paris Commune of 1871.
The revolution of 1917 also created a new profession, which is called a "professional revolutionist." The birth of a professional revolutionist has both advantages and disadvantages.
The advantage is that professional revolutionaries can concentrate on the cause of revolution, without being troubled by other factors, and will not cause unnecessary quarrels like the Paris Commune, leading to inefficient revolution;
The disadvantage is that professional revolutionaries are prone to form a new privileged class. As a result, the proletarian party is separated from the masses of the people, creating opportunities for anti-communist forces at home and abroad to subvert the regime.
In the early Soviet-Russian revolution, the line was basically correct. Under Lenin's leadership, Soviet Russia defeated hostile forces inside and outside the country and stabilized the new revolutionary regime.
But in the later stages, the situation changed.
After Stalin came to power, he erroneously launched a political campaign and weakened the strength of the army, which led to the defeat of the Soviet army in the early days of the Great Patriotic War. In the economic field, the implementation of the "Stalin Model" has led to rigid economic policies, excessive development of heavy industry, and light industry that can only rely on imports. This paved the way for the United States and other Western countries to create the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Later, the Soviet Union formed a new privileged class, which caused the Soviet party to become more alienated from the people, and the people became increasingly dissatisfied with the ruling party. Some countries hostile to communism, such as the United States, took this opportunity to attack the Soviet system, which eventually triggered the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
In the process of the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the United States and other Western countries acted as the driving force behind the disintegration of the Soviet Union. On the one hand, they spread rumors to discredit the Soviet system, and on the other hand, they supported opposition forces inside the Soviet Union, waiting for the time to come and then replacing them.
In 1991, the Soviet Union could only disintegrate in its internal and external difficulties, and the world's largest socialist country thus ended its historical mission.
The disintegration of the Soviet Union was a disastrous blow to the international communist movement. The disintegration of the Soviet Union aroused strong doubts about the communist system for the first time. Many people abandoned communism and turned to capitalism. To this day, the disintegration of the Soviet Union has had a bad influence which is still not completely eliminated.
The disintegration of the Soviet Union has taught us many lessons, such as the problem of the privileged class, the problem of detaching from the masses, and whether to engage in democratic elections; if democratic elections are not conducted, how to ensure that the ruling class always serves the people.
These are all issues worthy of our communists' pondering.
I personally think that a perfect socialist system can solve the so-called democracy problem, because the core of the socialist system lies in the society as its core, just as a capitalist society has capital as its core. And society is made up of people, and the socialist system serves many people in the society instead of serving a single person in the society. If you serve a single person in society, it is liberalism, individualism, not socialism.
Marx said that the natural law of human history must be the transition from a capitalist society to a socialist society, and a transition from a socialist society to a communist society.
Capitalist society emphasizes the individual and emphasizes the rights and interests of individual individuals. Therefore, this kind of individualism can easily evolve into selfishness.
While socialism emphasizes the rights and interests of all people in society, that is, collectivism, but this kind of collectivism does not come at the expense of individual rights and interests. Socialist collectivism is a collectivism based on the supremacy of individual rights.
Another evil result brought about by the disintegration of the Soviet Union was distrust of the socialist system, which gave birth to the so-called "socialist alternative" idea.
The so-called "socialist alternative" is a theoretical system based on Trotskyism. Trotsky’s core idea is the "permanent revolution theory", which is simply the continuous revolutionary movement in society. That is the political movement.
I don't make any comments on the "socialist alternative", but I personally feel that in a country, there must be constant revolution, which is huge damage to the economy and society. Nevertheless, I still appreciate Trotsky's "internationality of the socialist revolution", which is similar to internationalism.
I think democratic elections are not the only way to restrict power, and the democratic system is full of money corruption. There are many restrictions on power. We Communists should adopt methods that are suitable for the socialist system, such as expanding the power of supervisory institutions and conducting some kind of power supervision at the same level.
In short, the experience and lessons of the international communist movement tell us that the socialist system still requires continuous practice and improvement by our Communists, because this is a brand new political system, a new system different from the capitalist system.
As long as we Communists adhere to the theoretical guidance of communism and adhere to Marxist theory as the basis, then the practice and improvement of the socialist system will eventually succeed.
Many people have exaggerated the influence of communism in the world today. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the power of communism has been greatly weakened, and basically there is not enough power to resist the capitalist countries headed by the United States.
Therefore, the current period should be regarded as the low ebb of the international communist movement.
Ok, this is a red flag... both literally and figuratively.
lol