7th July 1989
Unknown offender,added on the door Old Town Hall in Prague "Chartist manifesto" in which declare war, the current system in Czechoslovakia. In the coming days and months literally unleashes guerilla war between the Chartists and the police, the Chartists supported by some Western countries and in the words of Vaclav Havel leadership manifesto, thrown into the air several police stations and attacked political and administrative centers throughout Czechoslovakia. In clashes with the police a number of Chartists killed and many others on trial for murder sentenced to long imprisonment or death penalty. In late October Chartists activity, concentrated mainly around Prague suddenly faded.
11th November 1989
Southwestern border of Czechoslovakia in the low flight crosses a small civilian plane Cessna. The pilot managed to slip through the defense of PVOS (Proti vzdušná obrana státu-air defense of state), and finally landing in a field in the village Myslív. Here two men and treated subsequently with the same path back to the German Federal Republic. In return, the radar detected PVOS. The areas were sent two helicopters Mi-24 from 11.vrp (11.vrtulnikový pluk-11th Helicopter Regiment) deployed in Plzen-Line, but the airplane, escape. He disappears behind the border, one hour later landing in Regensburg.
A single shot anti-tank rocket launcher RPG-7, destroys the presidential car and killing President of Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Gustáv Husák. The killer followed the arrests, committing suicide. Police found him in a letter to the reported assassination of Chartist. He immediately starts in Prague large police operation directed against the Chartists, but it is failing ,arrest just two Chartist.By order of Commander of the General Staff of the Army's combat readiness immediately declared all units ČSLA (Československá Lidová Armáda-Czechoslovak People's Army).
14th November 1989
At the meeting of the UN acts Chartist leader Václav Havel Calls UN take action against the Czechoslovak government in retaliation for the persecution of the Chartists. USA, FRG, Great Britain and France immediately to favor a Chartist and gives a three-day ultimatum to Czechoslovakia for the transfer of power in the country Chartists. Czechoslovakia immediately rejected the ultimatum and announces mobilization of army. The Federal Assembly at its night session elect a new president of Czechoslovakia, for unknown foreign policy of Jan Šrom. He in his inaugural speech again rejects ultimatum and asks for the release of their Chartist leadership. Subsequently signed the order to mobilize the state total.The western boundary is immediately moved three armored and five infantry divisions. At the airport Plzeň-Line in the afternoon, the first helicopter landing 51.vrp (51.vrtulnikový pluk-51th Helicopter Regiment). Ground Force units begin with the activation of backup airports. The military leadership ordered the evacuation of the Czechoslovak State Airlines personnel and equipment CSA flights to Kapustin Yar in the USSR.
15th November 1989
In the early morning hours invades a large group of Chartist, the Federal Assembly building, to kill are still acting president and policy. The attack is repulsed and the attackers killed. Losses on the patrol units are significant. Although the police know Chartists forces are almost crushed by this incident and the Chartists are so paralyzed for a long time for action. Pro-chartistic states call this event, "theatre" orchestrated by regime in Czechoslovakia and then submit their ultimatum, this time limited to one day. Czechoslovakia was rejected. So far, neutral Austria gives permission for entry of U.S. troops on its territory. Subsequently undertakes not to enter into military conflict.It begins an intensive aerial survey of Czechoslovakia. At 14:29 Shot Down with S-200 missile near Prague, SR-71. His pilot Captain Daniel Cassidy died in the blast an airplane. Aircraft wreckage near fall Rudná near Prague. Another victory succeeds the lieutenant. Jiří Káčer of 8.slp (8.stihaci air regiment) on the MiG-23MF, who shot down SR-71 over Zbrojovka Brno. Aircraft wreckage and the pilot Lieutenant colonel Francis Kaplan hanging on a parachute fall to the streets of Brno.
Czechoslovakia, needs explanation and sent a sharp note to the United States., which requires stopping a survey of its territory. United States deny their participation despite the fact that Lt.Col. Kaplan evening was presented to journalists at a press conference in Prague, where he said the circumstances of his presence in Czechoslovakia. United States downplays the whole affair as conspiracies.The units along the western border with Federal Republic Germany in a status of high alert. Along its length are deployed four armored and three infantry divisions. Another ten divisions is formed or moved to the west. The backup landing airport Stříbro 19.slp (Fighter Aviation Regiment) MiG-21MF and MiG-21 bis moved from Pieštany. The backup Panenský Týnec airport from Bratislava begins to move 31.bilp (31.bitevni letecký pluk-31.Battle Aviation Regiment) with Su-25K aircraft.47th pzlp (47.Recon Aviation Regiment) carry out night shooting enemy troops forming on the other side of the border. Survey found at least 25 enemy tank and infantry divisions deployed along the border. Large gathering spaces are found in Mitterteich, Waldmünchen, Freyung in West Germany and Freistadt in Austria. The survey is lost MiG-21R piloted by Lieutenant Milan Doubrava, who died in the ruins of an airplane. Photos of airplane debris are immediately published as evidence of the Czechoslovak aggression. Microwave survey Mi-17Z-2 alsodetects the position of the enemy command post in the area of Deggendorf.
Aircraft 1.slp (1.fighter air regiment) in the space Tachov met with a strong group of fighters and reconnaissance aircraft carrying West German photoreconnaissance in that area. After several attempts to push the intruders have a conflict in which the Luftwaffe lost four aircraft, after the loss of a pair of MiG-23MLD save the pilots ejected.
In the night, beyond the boundaries of Czechoslovakia OV-10 aircraft in the Rakovnik area planted to parachute three men, including Václav Havel, who was tocoordinate the activities of the Chartists in Czechoslovakia.
16th November 1989
Shortly after takeoff explodes aboard the Tu-154 on the way to Warsaw and Moscow hidden explosive charge, which causes the plane crash and death of all people on board. Dies Foreign Minister Jaromír Johanes, Deputy Chief of Staff Gen. Jiří Stoklasa them and nine other senior officers. The delegation had with representatives of Poland and the USSR to negotiate a military assistance in case of armed conflict. The attack is then declared Chartism.Tension is escalating in Czechoslovakia. The Federal Assembly is pushing for the police, secret security,ČSLA to Chartist destroyed. Task Force on the phone giving penetrates the Prague-Žižkov into the apartment, which also turns out one of the higher members, the organization chartistic Stanislav Gráber. Some Chartists from one of the last cell is stronger shortly after killed by police, while attempting to raid a police station in Dejvice.NATO ultimatum expires seemingly without noticing, while NATO forces are continuing research in Czechoslovakia. Despite the effort PVOS fail to shoot down any enemy aircraft. UN narrow majority approves the Memorandum of sanctions against Czechoslovakia. Other states of the Warsaw Pact is officially distance themselves from Czechoslovakia. Secret negotiations on aid and arms supply in case the conflict continues. Poland approves a secret pact in which Czechoslovakia in the event of an attack on the conflict of three fighter aircraft forward air regiments, one regiment of fighter-bomber and a hundred of the tank T-72. It also agrees to allow his army of volunteers to go fight in Czechoslovakia. The Soviet Union agrees to rent equipment from its backup services and allow their volunteers to go fight in Czechoslovakia. Hungary and the German Democratic Republic sign a commitment to launch air raids enemy states in the event of a crisis on potential conflict.
17th November 1989
In a random inspection of documents and subsequent brief shootout with police in Prague Reporyje, arrested the commander of Chartist Vaclav Havel and his aide Leoš Mlynář. Together with Stanislav Grábel are transported to the prison in Pankrác.Prochartistické states require the production of all three arrested with the threat that failing to issue them until midnight, it will be considered as a formal declaration of war Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovakia refuses to release those arrested immediately.On the border with the West Germany is now a 24-division of ground forces ČSLA. The other five divisions are deployed along the border with Austria, where the survey were identified enemy units. Aerial survey in western Austria, Federal Republic of Germany, and other concentration occurs eight enemy divisions. The United States is transferred four fighter wings and deployed along the border with Czechoslovakia. West Germany announces full mobilization and continues to move its troops to the border with Czechoslovakia.In support of the seriousness of their ultimatum bombing eleven at night, F-117 aircraft from air base in Great Britain, bridges in the Česke Budejovice, Česky Krumlov and Plzeň. All airplanes escape without loss.
18th November 1989
Ambassadors of NATO countries supporting the Chartists presented President of ČSSR Jan Šrom, formal documents of the declaration of war with Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the morning.From six in the morning intensive bombardment was launched massive border areas of Czechoslovakia Air Force USAFE (United States Air Forces in Europe), Royal Air Force, Armée de l'Air and Luftwaffe. Started several air fighting.
Above the town Planá, there is a clash of two patrolling swarms of MiG-21bis 5.slp with four F-16C and two F-15C. Czechoslovaks shot down two F-16C and one F-15C, but they lost five MiG-21bis. Above the village Trhanov, Czechoslovak Mi-17Z-2 aircraft attacked a pair of A-10 headed to the raid on armoured units near the Česke Kubice. After a short fight is forced an emergency landing. On-board operator dies lieutenant František Stekl.Above the West Germany to form four massive bundles of air force then headed to airports Line, Česke Budejovice, Karlovy Vary and Bechyně. Bundles formed by planes from France and Great Britain and headed to the line and are Bechyně fighters 5.slp, and 9.slp 19.slp (SLP-Fighter Aviation Regiment) attacked the Tachov and there is a large air battle in which enemy forces lost 13 Panavia Tornado aircraft and 11 aircraft Mirage. Czechoslovaks pay his victory losing five MiG-21MF and 7 MiG-21bis. Despite heavy losses to become Air Force ČSLA bundles manages to distract the enemy and defend both airports.
Bundles air force heading to the airport Karlovy Vary is formed Luftwaffe attacked while flying Cheb fighters MiG-21MF from 91.slp and MiG-29A from the 11th fighter regiment. There is to shoot down nine enemy aircraft and five Panavia Tornado F-4F. You lose three MiG-29A fighters and four MiG-21MF. Airport Karlovy Vary is easily damaged without limiting the scope of air traffic, with most damage caused Panavia Tornado aircraft, shot down by anti-aircraft artillery, and a crew that crashed into the streets of Carlsbad, where his weapons exploding debris and killed 14 civilians, wounding more than a hundred others.
Last association formed by USAFE aircraft, flown over Austria and attacking from the south airport Česke Budejovice. In the battle that it unleashes the USAFE lost 18 aircraft (5xF-16C 8xF-15E, and 15C-2xF 3xF-111). At the same time, however, his airplanes, will exclude from the operation of the airport runway and the destruction of the defending fighters massacred 1.slp airport, which lost 23 MiG-23MLD. The remaining aircraft are routed the landing at the backup airport in town of Pacov. From there, after rearming and refueling sent the airport Mošnov. Here is located 8.slp transferred to the West and its four squadrons of MiG-23MF and ML are flown back to the airport Pacov and Všechov in South Bohemia (at each airport landing two squadrons).
With the vanguard of warplanes, starting 15:00, started attack ground forces of NATO at Czechoslovakia.
The first strike direction is headed with center gathering Mitterteich, to the northeast. Enemy troops break the fortifications in the area Svatobor forest, occupy high ground, At the crossroads where you placed self-propelled artillery opening fire on the town of Cheb and Františkovy Lázně. After a short fight is razed to the ground village of Svatý kríž,enemy troops enter the town of Cheb, where started intense infantry fighting from house to house. To ensure rapid progress in the Cheb, Napalm bombs dropped from F-4 and Panavia Tornado, which ignite a large part of the city. At the same time advancing enemy tanks attacked eight Mi-24V from 3.squadroon, 51.vrp located at the airport in Karlovy Vary, which will Shturm missiles and S-24, destroying 19 tanks and lose a helicopter shot down by Stinger missile. Crew, the helicopter pilot Lieutenant Štefan Pisarčik, Lieutenant Milan Navrátil operator and an airborne technique lieutenant Stanislav Roubal manages to crash land when to save badly, wounded lieutenant Navratil, the crew is captured by enemy soldiers and executed.Other crew died when the helicopter is in the low altitude hit enemy aircraft, the Panavia Tornado. The pilot and operator die in helicopter after shot down by missile AIM-9 to the front of the fuselage, flight engineer burned after impact, because it is unable to extricate from the wreckage of the helicopter. Shortly after 19 o'clock is a busy, Cheb Town Hall at Square Jiřího z Podebrad, NATO declares Cheb in the captured city. The last resistance,in the city's surrender to the last encircled ČSLA units in the station at 6:25 in the morning.Other NATO forces will be crushed to pass defense ČSLA, occupy Františkovy Lázně after the destruction of residues surrounding the tank divisions withdrawn two motorized divisions ČSLA near town Aš. Receive the order to counterattack and try to puncture back to unoccupied territory. Without the support of the Air Force begin their attack at 23:10, in the area of the village Mýtinka, where they unexpectedly encounter a German Panzer Division to attack passing at town Luby in the direction that their attempt to break through frustrating and causes heavy losses ČSLA units. ČSLA units remaining, retreating to the city of Aš,through Zwota and Adorf, with the acquiescence of the German Democratic Republic,ČSLA evacuate near the city Kraslice, north of town Luby.
Mainly infantry attacking from gathering in Waldmünchen, with CSLA manages to halt shortly after crossing the border in the area Nemanice. They NATO manage to occupy , but then they are in the process towards Domažlice forced to attempt to break the trench fortifications in the Bohemian Forest. Due to dense vegetation and were deprived of the benefits of massive units of air support, so without the knowledge of the marshy terrain procedure virtually halted the defensive line consisting of old hill-Herstejn Sádkova skála-Plesná.Although landlocked units will occupy for a short time the village Závist, but large losses are forced to download and Envy falls back into the hands of ČSLA. Before nightfall business Nemanice raid on the MiG-23BN 28.sbolp accompanied the MiG-21bis from 9.slp. Manage to destroy most of the accumulated supply of trucks and some tanks Challenger and Leopard. Three MiG-23BN, but are shot down by patrol Mirage fighters even before it is after the destruction of four of them, manage to fight 9.slp MiGs. One of the MiG-23 explodes after being hit by missile Magic, shot in the air along with pilot, Lieutenant Jaroslav Dlouhý.The second MiG-23 pilot lieutenant Jiří Dušek was killed by fire from cannon Aden, near the uncontrolled collapse, Huť's Hill. Latest MiG Magic missile ignites explosion near his hull, but the lieutenant pilot František Peterka is gradually collapsing plane can go straight to the agricultural landing area Luženiček where an emergency landing. Pilot escapes without injury, but the aircraft will burn completely.
The third point of attack is focused on the Freyung to Prachatice. Enemy units go Kunžvartské sedlo, and occupy the village guard, thereby releasing neprůchodného Splavského way around the moors. The next attack on the village Upper Vltavice and Lenora are attacked by two armored divisions, supported by aircraft of the Su-25K and 30.bilp 31.bilp. and Mi-24 helicopters from 11.vrp accompanied by MiG-21MF and MiG-21 Bis from 5.slp and 9.slp.
ČSLA units in the next, tank battle, managed to destroy more than one hundred fiftyarmored vehicles. ČSLA loser over a hundred custom armor. In the air battle over the battlefield before nightfall then managed to shoot down more than eleven A-10aircraft and 9 accompanying the F-15C and F-16C for the loss of eight Su-25 aircraft, three helicopters Mi-24 and six MiG-21bis. In combat, particularly distinguished lieutenant Pavol Štefánik of 30.bilp who managed not only to destroy six enemy armor, but subsequently the two aircraft A-10. The first shot down the missile R-60, ripped off the right engine aircraft and crippled its management system.The pilot, Captain Francis Hammer, is ejected from the aircraft and managed to shoot our way back to their own units. The second aircraft controlled lieutenant. Martin Getty, fell victim to gun volley of Su-25 that struck the fuselage and cockpit airplane crashed on, Jilm Hill. The pilot not ejected. With the upcoming twilight air battle cease. The fighting on the ground continue unabated.
The last attack sequences, set off from the Austrian town of Freistadt in the direction of České Budejovice. Unlike previous assault units not set off in one direction, but divided into two groups. The first pass went Vyšší Brod and challenged Vyšší Brod, who protected ČSLA Infantry Division.ČSLA was a two-hour battle of Vyšší Brod,ČSLA units was defeated.Vyšší Brod was occupied by NATO troops. The second group went to the transmitter Šibeniční hill village Dolní Dvořiště and then started to advance westward to Rožmberk, where both groups had to meet. Following the merger and occupation Rožmberk both groups began to drive together to the north of Kaplice.It occurred in an area Rožmitál, the Bohemian Forest, a conflict with ČSLA tank divisions which NATO troops tried to stop it. It was subsequently forced to retreat, but actions ČSLA allow regrouping and preparing two motorized rifle divisions in Kaplice area to reflect and subsequent stop forces of NATO in this direction, which succeeded shortly before midnight.
During the fighting the enemy warplanes attacked two groups of fighters 19.slp whoshot down four planes A-10, two Panavia Tornado, three F-15C. ČSLA lost five MiG-21MF. Shortly before dusk over Vyšší Brod and Rožmberk emerged aircraftSu-22M4 and Su-7BM/BKL of 20.sbolp 6.sbolp and without fighter escort. The aircraft carried out an extensive attack against enemy ground forces and bridges in the area.
Felt most damage caused by two Su-7 from 6.sbolp. The bombs destroyed atBrod field storage of fuel and ammunition, including vehicles, so the possibility ofNATO combat operations in the area have significantly reduced a minimum of 24hours. Unprotected aircraft but suffered heavy losses from the patrolling enemy fighters who managed to shoot down five Su-22M4 and nine Su-7BM/BKL.
During the night, Czechoslovakia was again bombed the F-117 and a new missiles with cruise missiles BGM-109 Tomahawk. Factories were affected by ČKD Prague, Aero Vodochody, Zbrojovka Brno,Škoda závody in Plzeň a Mladá Boleslav,, Vítkovice ironworks and mining installations in the Ostrava and Kladno. Also, the airport was attacked Žatec, Prague-Kbely, Čáslav,Náměšť nad Oslavou and Přerov but all suffered only very slight damage, ground forces managed to repair to the dawn.
At 23:00 from the airport Náměšť nad Oslavou began to lift the Su-24M aircraft included the 4th and 5 squadron of 20.sbolp. Their task was to carry out raids on selected cities in the FRG. The bombing was the city of Nuremberg, Regensburg, Munich, Ulm and Frankfurt (aircraft returning from a raid on Frankfurt has called in Žatec from immediately after refueling went back to the Náměšť nad Oslavou). During the raid on Munich was dropping bombs,ignited by anti-aircraft artillery fire the Su-24M with a crew of pilot Major. František Vyskočil and operator Captain. Tatiana Lešková. Airplane pilot is guided to the central station in Munich, and both crew members have made a successful ejection. The aircraft struck the terminal station building that partially collapsed and in which 24 civilians were killed and at least 40 others were injured. Major František Vyskočil, captain Tatiana Lešková landed by parachute in the streets of the town and were immediately captured.
19th November 1989
At dawn hanging over cities in the FRG pillars of smoke. Incendiary and cluster bombs
dropped by Czechoslovak bombers at night in Ulm and Regensburg after the intervention of petrochemical facilities produce large fires, whose mastery is slowly getting out the possibilities of urban fire services. The remaining cities are also damaged, damage, however, have only a limited range. Worldwide media with a statement condemning the German Federal Republic barbaric bombing of civilian towns and incriminating the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic of war crimes. Captured pilots, Major František Vyskočil and Captain.Tatiana Lešková are brought before a military tribunal, which is accused of war crimes against civilians.Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia after the German Federal Republic requires compliance with the Geneva Conventions of both prisoners and also warns the Federal Republic of Germany from further raids if they will continue the aggression immediately and withdraw its troops from Czechoslovakia. The same ultimatum is passed and Austria after which compliance is sought a neutral position and prevent further movement of NATO forces through Austrian territory. Both countries reject the ultimatum.
Military delegations of Czechoslovakia in Poland and Moscow, asking for material assistance on the basis of previous agreements. Poland at the airport collects Olesznitza promised airplanes (30 MiG-29, 60 MiG-21 MF and MiG-21PFM, 30 Su-20 and Su-22) in which the Polish chessboard promptly repaint to Czechoslovak coat of arms and their air services launches recruitment polish willing volunteers to fight in Czechoslovakia.It manages to get 90 polish pilots.At the Airport Base in the early evening landing 18 MiG-27m-controlled Soviet volunteers to immediately begin an accelerated retraining pilots 28.sbolp for this type of aircraft. MiG-27 are classified as the 3rd and 4 squadron of 28.sbolp and their hulls and wings begin to appear Czechoslovak coats of arms. Technical security equipment aircraft MiG-27 during the night to Čáslav bringing two aircraft Il-76. On the way back from an aircraft in Mošnov treated 1.slp pilots who have to take on new airport Frunze MiG-23MLD for his unit. The second aircraft landing at the airport in Přerov where the costs for pilots to fly twenty helicopters Mi-24P and Mi-24V and for 51.vrp 11.vrp.Other Air Force aircraft ČSLA receives the order is issued for the immediate reactivation of the MiG-21F-13, PF and PFM and Su-BKL 7BM and stored on the declared areas at airports Přerov and Vodochody.
Orbital shuttle LeMi - 2.04 at mission Daedalus-8 started November 18.11.1989 from the Baikonur Kapustin Yar shot down on orbit by the U.S. spy satellite KH-13.V response to this victory is to attack satellites shuttle instructed FOG-11 assault while the other two satellites-FOG 23 and FOG-48 is instructed to shuttle Lemi - 2.02 operating in orbit on the mission-9.Both shuttles Daedalus manages to resist and continue with their tasks of satellite reconnaissance and battlefield defense.Given that the entire region of Western Bohemia during the night low clouds clouded with persistent rain and fog, ground troops are deprived of assistance in terms of combat aircraft.
Rapidly rearranged ČSLA units start in the Cheb salient counter-attack in the direction of Sokolov and Mariánské Lázně. Units attacking from the south break the enemy's position in space, Lázně Kynžvart, which destroys the enemy Infantry Division and conquering the strategic high ground Lesný. Subsequently, in the area of the village Okrouhlá and Turany faced with large numbers of enemy armor that beats at dusk and night after the conquest Odrava standing in front of Cheb.The whole advancing column is attacked shortly before midnight from the southwest from Hrozňatov and this must be for coverage of NATO strike from Odrava download and regroup near the village of Lipová, in whose area the two groups in the fierce fighting utkávají the rest of the night. The second group tends to Františkovy lázně from Lub and Habartov. Within a short while weakly defended Plesná occupy space in the fight Skalná, with NATO armor, which they managed to push Vojtanov contained before nightfall. Units from Habartov to launch a counterattack in the late afternoon, so the continuous battles with NATO armored units come Milhostov, ČSLA that they managed to occupy and retain.
In a disaster as NATO combat troops in the area Nemanice. Self-propelled artillery ČSLA distributed in space and community Postřeliv Díly, peppers Nemanice continuous barrage of artillery shells. They completely destroy NATO field hospital wing, where health killing nine medics and a renewed gathering ammunition. Nemanice during the day gradually lost from the surface. NATO infantry are still trying to fill the ČSLA trenches and fortifications on the hill Tyrolka, which is a terrible loss it will succeed. Follow-infantry counterattack ČSLA relaying of Rocks and conquered the top of the hill Škarmanka surrounds and NATO troops at its peak eliminated to the last man.At 17:00 CSLA moving infantry, descending from the hills Plešné and Bučina the attack and a long struggle, the competitions of the village Stará Hut, which shortly before 22 hour fall and managed to keep, NATO units in Nová Hut and Huťská Hill backfilled occupied village, firing.
At the same time attempt fails CSLA, the conquest of the Huť hills and hamletsNovosedelské Hutě, an infantry attack from Škarmanky. NATO troops, continuallysupplement their states, transfer of new units of FRG. Their soldiers are reportsabout events in advance Nemanice already demoralized, so they begin to multiplydesertion and attempted mutiny.
Tank battle at Lenora ends before noon defeat NATO forces, which give way to the village Hliniště, where along with fortified infantry and reflect another attack ČSLA. In this situation, NATO troops attempting to break, bypass, Lenora, occupation villages, Czech Žleby, Stožec. Volar attack from the south. Both villages within a short time ago and occupies Volary face buried and ready units ČSLA. With heavy losses, NATO troops will eventually pull back to Stožec. Where are isolated in the early evening, because ČSLA units attacking and occupying České Žleby.
The situation is worst in the southern front. Czechoslovaks strengthening the other two divisions away from launching a counterattack Kaplice, NATO troops retreating, to Rožmitál. Here, NATO will take the initiative and begins to stagnate development battles with heavy casualties for both sides. Finally, in 21:20 Rožmitál is captured by ČSLA, NATO troops seized and fortified the top of the line Velenický hill, Rožmberk nad Vltavou and Dolní Dvořište where waiting for the arrival of reinforcements.
Due to the fact that in 23 hours ultimatum expires FRG and Austria without a positive response, despite persistent start again bad weather Su-24M 20.sbolp air raid on the West Germany and also four aircraft raid on Austria. Affected are Stuttgart, Mannheim, Karlsruhe and again bombarded Regensburg, Ulm and Munich, where the aircraft renew and extend the previously uncontrolled fires. The aircraft sent over Austria, throw bombs at Vienna, where the affected residential area and two small machine factory. Due to the small distance between the base 20.sbolp in Náměšti nad Oslavou and Vienna, this time supported by the aircraft and eight Su-22M4 aircraft before the dawn of Vienna returned the next ignite a residential area, destroying three bridges across the Danube and damaging two more.When return, however, Su-22M4 loses driven lieutenant. Radislav Kostka, who during instrument flight in the dense cloud is subject to the illusion of in-flight aircraft crash uphill Cibulička, west Tavíkovice. Lieutenant. Kostka on impact uphill dying. Because the weather over the airport Zatec is unacceptable for landing, landing aircraft returning from the FRG, Bechyně at the airport, from where after refueling back at the airbase Náměšť nad Oslavou. Escapade when returning from a raid on Ulm succeeds Su-24M-controlled, por. Rostislav Chládkem and por. Gustav Klepetko, who over Meitingen,shot down with two R-60 missiles and cannon fire from board, American AC-130U, traveling to the airport in Munich for support attacking units. The entire crew of the aircraft are killed after a hit from a grenade exploding ammunition for the gun howitzer onboard explosion and subsequent aircraft shatter to pieces.
In Czechoslovakia,night bombing of NATO troops also continue to Czechoslovakia only can shoot Tomahawk missiles, the F-117 sent from England to the air raid has to go back to base after a storm reflected over Germany. Even so, once again hit Prague, Pilsen and a new chemical and petrochemical industry in northwestern Bohemia. Two missiles hit the petrochemical installations in Pardubice, where they cause a fire. He succeeded after five hours fighting the fire units from Pardubice to handle.
20th November 1989
The world is horrified by photographs of the burning Vienna, after night air raid by 20th.sbolp. The Austrian Government horrified by this act, declared its military forces, red alert, deal with the demands of Czechoslovakia and prohibits other NATO countries with the transition of its military forces. This prohibition is ignored and the Austrian troops sent to stay with the task of NATO supply lines, are eliminated. Austria protests against the actions of then Czechoslovakia and NATO states in the UN and calls for the two warring parties began peace talks immediately.
Czechoslovakia at the interviews and accessed immediately after a briefhesitation, added to it and the NATO countries. Mediator meeting to be neutralSwitzerland where it is sent to negotiate for Czechoslovakia's newly appointedForeign Minister Roman Adamec. The Czechoslovak delegation requires not onlyan immediate cessation of fighting and border clearance, but also the lifting of sanctions and guarantees that NATO countries continue to not interfere with events in Czechoslovakia. Requests submitted by NATO to stop combat operations are quite the opposite - the immediate surrender of power in Czechoslovakia in the hands of the Chartists, the governing party and immediate withdrawal from theWarsaw Pact. The Czechoslovak delegation refuses and demands to freezenegotiations at a standstill. The situation is further intensifying dále fact that thenegotiations with the UN following the USSR and the German Democratic Republicto take the side of Czechoslovakia and reported that within a week unlessterminated military operations, engage in conflict, too.
GDR immediately announced mobilization of its troops and the border with FRG constantly patrolling large formations of aircraft. There is a few skirmishes with the USAFE aircraft and the Luftwaffe, but these ends without major losses.
NATO states against which are now starting to build their permanent allies, are aware that the situation might result from the current conventional war to be a warusing nuclear weapons. So let a three-day period for consideration of the situationin Czechoslovakia while fighting continues unabated.
From three o'clock in the morning, the weather over central Europe graduallyimproving. Low clouds are starting to rise gradually and persistent rain changing tointermittent showers.
The Prague-Kbely dawn landing the first group of twenty-four Polish MiG-21PFMmanaged by volunteers from the Polish Air Force, which are subsequently as the 3rd and 4 19.slp squadron moved to Stříbro airport. After refueling and briefing in the afternoon engaged in the fighting over South Bohemia. Another group of thirtyMiG-29A, also controlled by the Poles, landing in the morning in Žatec.
At the same aircraft classified as 4th, 5th and 6 squadron 11th fighter regimentstarting with the 11th fighter regiment remaining aircraft patrols over the area of Cheb. The last group of ten Polish Su-20 and Su-22 landing at the airport Přerovwhere it replaces the second gear 6.sbolp squadron, which, after the start ofdecommissioning Su-7BM/BKL gradually transitioned to the MiG-21MF. Thenreplaced by a group of newcomers MiGs flight to Karlovy Vary, where theystrengthen 91.slp. At the airport in the afternoon Mošnov land MiG-23MLD that the remaining pilots 1.slp, skimming from the USSR. Along with them on their ownairplanes arriving group of nine volunteers from the USSR.In the evening received orders 1.slp then moved to the backup landing area on the highway near Merino, Čěské Budejovice as the airport is still in an unusable state. His current task is to escort airplanes 28th, 20th 6.sbolp and raids on the frontier. Pilots 1.slp protesting against the order and request transfer to the backup area Pacov, which is closer to the front, but their application is rejected for any other use of backup space. The aircraft is thus beginning the morning 21.11 moved to Merino.Repair units sent to stores the Přerov declared Vodochody and find they are usually stored aircraft can operate only after a short revision.Therefore, the accelerated launch aircraft technical inspections and testing at nearby airports and at such a speed that the air force and PVOS CSLA get into the evening 11.20 for backup 8 MiG-21F-13, 6 MiG-21PF, 14 MiG-21PFM and 5 aircraft Su-7BKL where revisions are the same as the MiG-21F-13 and PF considerable difficulty and seeding wear. All these advances are moving to the airport Mošnov that the eviction has become supplemented 1.slp supply base for Air Force and PVOS.
For 20.sbolp and 6 sbolp also occur in anticipation of additional aircraft from Poland and the USSR to split units when they are removed from the fleet still equipped aircraft Su-7. 20th State of sbolp thus reduces to 4 squadrons (1st and 2nd squadron of Su-22M4 on, 3 and 4 on the Su-24M) and the sixth state sbolp falls to two squadrons (1 squadron of Su-22M4 on, 2nd Squadron on the Su-20 and Su-22M4). Two squadrons equipped with Su-7 then overfly the airport Prague-Kbely, where they act as the newly formed 7th sbolp. The fighting involved the following day after the first use of the experience through adding a pair of mod with deceptive goals between cable shields and crest of the airplane.
28th sbolp continues in an accelerated conversion to MiG-27 delivered from the USSR. Early in the evening another group of planes landing, this time ten. Meanwhile, the afternoon starts with a select group of Czechoslovak pilots on two aircraft with flight training. The rest of the MiG-27 with the Soviets at the controls of the dawn of the tasks involved in the fighting 28th sbolp.Before dawn start 47th aircraft pzlp for aerial survey of the border. While it is an enemy anti-aircraft defense and enemy fighters shot down two aircraft Su-22M4R and three MiG-21R and lieutenant Nikola Peterská flying the MiG-21R in a duel Panavia Tornado destroys the enemy missile R-3S. The images brought the remaining planes are seen large movements of enemy troops especially in Cheb and Vyšší Brod.
In the area of Cheb continue ČSLA units in an attack against coalition forces in the area Hrozňatov. The conquering, but with the dawn of the clouds begin to tolerate hostile Tornado and Jaguar, which is mainly tank forces heavy losses. Anti-aircraft SA-13 sets shot down three aircraft Panavia Tornado and a Jaguar, but managed to fight off the enemy until the moment arrives to the 11th fighter regiment and 91.slp aircraft. accompanying 51.vrp Mi-24 and Su-25K from 31.bilp. They are immediately enmeshed in battles with accompanying F-4F and Panavia Tornado and thrive during the whole day-long battle to destroy the air 27 enemy aircraft for the loss of nine MiG-21MF and five MiG-29A. Battle Force loses six Su-25K helicopters and four Mi-24V. Three of these aircraft are shot down by enemy air defense. The only gradually loses all its air defense resources, but are exposed is exposed to attacks, which is NATO troops remaining armored vehicles. NATO armor so at Hrozňatov changes in walking and in a renewed attack ČSLA accompanied by strong artillery fire in the early afternoon, suffering heavy losses. Czechoslovaks after the conquest of a peak at the crossroads of refraction and virtually cut off for NATO forces supply routes from the FRG, which engineers call immediately begin to build defensive positions against the inevitable attack from FRG. He came at 20:30 and NATO troops to eking Cheb which they are doing to restore the supply lines. A large group of soldiers surrounded the ČSLA is a peak at a crossroads where he must defend the rest of the night NATO attacks and artillery shelling.
Units advancing from the north with the support of the aforementioned fightersoccupy Třebeň and enter Františkovy Lázně, where they face a well-fortified enemyinfantry, which gradually crowd out of town to the lake shore America, where thesiege at dusk last German troops surrender. The rest of ČSLA units then closesthe area between the ponds near the village trash and start fighting on the edges ofCheb. By midnight, come to the shores of Ohře where they stopped their advanceon bridges, thrown into the air, NATO engineers. Construction and protection of new pontoon bridge takes them the rest of the night.
NATO troops in the area Nemanice caught in a dawn air raid heavy MiG-23BN and MiG-27m from 28.sbolp, escorted by MiG-21bis from 5.slp. While the fighter-bombers are equal to the rest of the country Nemanice and surrounding villages, MiG-21 aircraft attacked the formation of C-130 cargo paratroopers headed to Postřekov . Paratroopers beaming in Postřekov NATO troops last attempt to avert disaster at Nemanice. Para units shall occupy Postřekov and constrict the defensive line ČSLA units from the rear. C-130 but are still challenged over the territory of the FRG and Tiefenbach than those accompanying the F-15C and F-16C unable to respond MiGs shot down eight C-130. Subsequently, enmeshed in a fight with accompaniment, thus releasing the space of a few MiG 28.sbolp that after throwing bombs and missiles began to rise vystřílení defenseless against airplanes. R-60 missiles and airborne guns condenses five and two C-130 Hercules aircraft forced to return with heavy damage. Above Postřekov will thus only five aircraft, which are planted parajednotky spread over too much space to create enough force to conquer Postřekov, and so escape to the woods in an attempt to escape Nemanice, which is doing just the few. The sky still raging battle between the supporting fighters and MiG-21. While the fighter bombers ahead of the fighters quickly lose ground field MiG 5.slp shotdown five enemy fighters for the loss of six aircraft. Three F-15 manages to escape the attention of fighters and fighter-bombers attack with which to compete and down three MiG-23BN and two MiG-27m. One of the MiG-23 sestřeluje hostile F-15 (pilot, Lieutenant Jiří Chadim by recording his third victory) and narrowly escapes second, shortly before the fire down Strela missile from an ensemble of mobile SA-13 Battalion at protecting 18.tankový batalion at Domažlice. The third F-15 escapes unscathed.
The aircraft, which were introduced to support the paratroopers are still divided over Nemanice and attacked artillery and armor in Postřekov, Dílech, Klenčí pod Čerchovem and Chodov. They thrive ČSLA cause serious losses themselves and lose four aircraft F-15E ground fire units.Other incoming aircraft over areas Nemanice encounter with MiGs and 28.sbolp 5.slp, adding equipment and returned to the fight. Unleashes the battle in which we manage to destroy another nineteen enemy aircraft (six of them sestřelují 28.sbolp aircraft) and aircraft are destroying themselves ČSLA seven MiG-23BN, MiG-27m one and six MiG-21bis. Interference from a hostile F-15E is destroyed and the MiG-23BN command where the dies commander 28.sbolp, colonel Bohuslav Koukal. After landing on 28.sbolp is subsequently grounded for the rest of the great loss and damage to aircraft, which remains fully serviceable only seven.
With the dawn enhanced NATO troops in claypits and Stožec put in motion, supported by warplanes destroyed the Czechoslovak unit in České Žleby and accumulate in Hlinište. New reinforced tank units NATO forces forward and set off after three hours of combat occupy Lenora and headed for Volary. ČSLA units regrouping on the line, Dvorsky Hill, where the continuous struggle for preventing the rest of the day and all night. Another part of NATO ground forces penetrated the upper edge Vltavice, where he is able to stop and drive back. Downloading is therefore Zátoň and occupy undefended Kaplice.
NATO Air Force in the long and bloody fighting greatly managed to finally win at least local domination. A large group of Czechoslovakian aircraft that is issued after sunrise to Lenora, literally on the wall faces of enemy aircraft sent to the area to assist ground forces finally break through. 9.slp 19.slp fighters and Su-25 accompanying 30.bilp and Mi-24 11.vrp venturing immediately into combat with the enemy, even when faced with overwhelming numerical superiority. During day-long fighting 9.slp lost 20 MiG-21bis shot down against 28 enemies and so on becomes unusable. 19.slp, to arrive late nečelení has the advantage of first strike, so continuously engaged in battle and sestřeluje 36 aircraft and the 14th losing them Victim 9.slp and served to achieve victory and the return air superiority back into the hands of the Czechoslovaks. Many captured the victory while the MiG-21MF and MiG-21 PFM controlled by Polish volunteers to fight in the afternoon and involved the loss of three and five MF PFM contribute to the score sheet 19.slp eleven kills. A sad day hero becomes a Polish volunteer Cpt. Bronislaw Skalski, which starts with the first group of Poles and manages to shoot down one F-16C and one AH-64 and then his plane is hit and Cpt. Skalski return it when leaving the ejection near Pilsen. After returning to the airport immediately reported to the next flight, in cooperation with the por. Piotr Zawadskim destroy enemy Mirage and then with the debris avoidance clotting. Por. Piotr Zawadska from the crippled aircraft catapults but Cpt. Skalski remains trapped in the wreckage of which falls into the wetland near Křišťanovice. Parachute with por. Zawadskim falls on the hill Dvacítkách. Warplanes and helicopters also attacked and lost eleven Su-25K aircraft and eight helicopters Mi-24V, however, thrive on pushing enemy units and Upper Volary Vltavice reduced so that the two city-operated units CSLA keep until morning. In addition, the competitions with enemy fighters and Apache helicopters, which premiered over cut corners Šumava. This is not a real baptism of fire and while destroying many tanks and BMP is shot down, ten and five forced to retreat. A-10 aircraft and F-15E from the slaughterhouse escape relatively well after downing three A-10 and four F-15E.
In South Bohemia, the situation is still moving on the edge of disaster. The defensive line Velenický Hill - Rožmberk - Lower Dvoriste shortly before dawn NATO troops set off during the night and set off a quick strike to the north. It destroys infantry in Hněvanov. Rozmital occupy defended by two tank battalions. When dawn arrives in Austria over a large group of NATO aircraft bombed Kaplice and ignite most of the city. This prevents defenses Kaplice in the city streets and it is so after the conquest Omlenice and Skoronice night and forced to surrender. Nothing on this or fail to change the units deployed to the place of Střítež where they were deployed as a backup defense Kaplice. The only result is then freeze enemy Kaplice procedure in the next few hoursAt the same time when the march issue of line units, coalition troops launch an attack from the Higher Brod. Despite the Malšín eking to Bohdalovicr, where they expect well-prepared and fortified division, with which the fight, which then forces the NATO forces to retreat to Zátoň. Here is an idea of the Czechoslovak artillery stationed around Větřní and Dubové, with troops hastily pulled down causing loss of life force. NATO is trying to have one attack under cover of night, but once again is reflected. Preparing for another attack carried out for the rest of the night by artillery batteries quickly exported to Zabransky Hill.
The Air Force is ČSLA already involved in the fighting at dawn, the airplanes and 20.sbolp 6.sbolp accompanied 8.slp fighters attacking NATO units on the top line Velenický - Rožmberk - Lower Dvoriste and gathering in Brod. The head of flying fighters 8.slp Association, immediately attacked by enemy fighters and attack aircraft in the area. They destroy 21 aircraft against the loss of nine MiG-23MF and MiG-23ML five and a swarm of Su-22M4 20.sbolp which excludes from the operation of Hawk anti-aircraft sites moved to the Vyšši Brod. Before it finally manages to destroy two aircraft shot down 6.sbolp. The remaining planes begin bombing of the defensive line and then after rearmament, along with twelve Mi-24V from 51.vrp, involved in the fight against the forces advancing on Kaplice. Their successes, but were too costly to downing five Su-22 from 20.sbolp and four Su-22 and two Su-20 from 6.sbolp. Another Su-22 from burns 6.sbolp emergency landing back at the airfield in Pacov. The aircraft is damaged in an attack on ground troops in Omlenice normal landing, but the fire damaged the front undercarriage leg break and finish the airplane crash in flames on his back flips. The cab pulled out still living severely burned lieutenant. Karel Bartoš, who died on board the Mi-8 ambulance during transport to the hospital in Pelhřimov.Helicopters 51.vrp have a happy day when they can isolate and destroy more than 60 armored vehicles at Bujanov and add more vehicles in attacks against ground forces advancing against Bohdalovicím. But the costs are high and the leaves on the battlefield 51.vrp six of his helicopters. Aircraft continue to fight until late afternoon, when the battle begins the whole area of the lead řinout heavy rain clouds.
During the night, again in bad weather, start aircraft Su-24M 20.sbolp from the air raids against enemy cities. The target is only one time. The two aircraft squadrons start before nightfall, and a detour through Austria and the subsequent flight along the border with the FRG and Switzerland get aircraft to the border of France and beyond it in the area north of Basel. Subsequently divided into three separate groups after different routes of getting to Paris. Incendiary bombs affect large areas of the conurbation, which as before is a major target civilian areas. Four aircraft are also selected for the bombing at Charles De Gaulle in Paris, with disruptive bombs destroyed the runway and then backfilled stands civilian aircraft with cluster bombs, which kill six transport aircraft and damaging another eight. After the raid, all aircraft returned direct route back to Czechoslovakia with the Su-24M with a crew of Lieutenant Peter Skopal, Lieutenant Miriam Zelenkova. Over Nancy shot down aircraft type Jaguar. This air raid, despite the loss of his temerity paid just two aircraft. One Su-24M with a crew of pilot Lieutenant. Vilém Metyska operator and lieutenant. Miroslav Sladký reasons unknown crash to land at Vitteaux, the second of Czechoslovakia prematurely running out of fuel and is forced to crash land near Jihlava in the box. The crew of Captain. Dana Kašparová and lieutenant.Jiří Koudelný tow escaping without injury but the aircraft is irreparable damage over canceled, pulled to the airport Náměšť nad Oslavou are largely stripped-down in the repair of other Su-24.
NATO units correspond to a huge overflow missiles with cruise missiles, among other things, severely damaging Ostrava and Liberec and the bombing of the F-117, which attack the Prague-Kbely, where among other things, destroying several demilitarized aircraft designed for air museum and two Su-7BKL, which completely burned. Damage is also an airport beacon. Its upper part was covered by mobilizing emergency peeling roof and was used as a beacon for anti-aircraft guns palpost. Another objective becomes Zatec airport, where the control tower and destroyed several hardened aircraft shelters. Three MiG-29A must be sent to repair, damage and splinters from falling debris.
