Cyrus the Great is also known as Cyrus II, the first king and founder of the Achaemenid dynasty. King Persia is known for generosity, the foundation of human rights, the foundation of the first multi-national and major empire of the world, the liberation of slaves and religions, respect for various religions and religions, the spread of civilization, and so on.
The Persians called Cyrus the father and the Greeks as the Servant and the Legislator. The Jews regarded this king as being anointed by the Lord, while the Babylonians acknowledged him as Marduk.
The name of Cyrus is written in various ancient languages in different ways:
* Ancient Persian: Kourish
* In Elamite inscriptions: Ku-rash
* In Babylon: Ku-ra-ash
* In ancient Greek: Κῦρος.
* In Hebrew: Cyrus Koresh
* In Latin: Cyrus Cyrus;
I am the king of kings, the king of kings, the great king, the king of Adel, the king of Babylon, the king of the lands of Sumer and Akad, the king of the four corners of the world, the son of Cambyses (II), the great king, the king of Anshan, the grandson of Cyrus (II) The kings, the outcome of the Jipesh (II), the powerful king, the king of Anshan, whose boundary was endless.
I am Cyrus the king of the world, the king of justice, when I entered Babel without war and struggle, all the people of Babylon welcomed my steps with joy, my great army slowly entered Babylon, and did not let the people of this city and this land enter, I tried for peace, I removed slavery, I ended their misfortunes.
I commanded that all people be free to worship their gods, I rebuilt all the cities that were destroyed, ordered all the sanctuaries to be closed, and returned all the gods of these sanctuaries to their places, all the people who were scattered I was displaced, I returned to my place and built their houses that were destroyed. I made peace for all people and provided peace and tranquility to all people.
biography, diary
Everything that remains of the old writings and books after the Arab invasion and the remains of the fires of libraries by them, reports:
Mother Cyrus Mandana, the daughter of Madane Astia k (son of Cyaxares), was the wife of Cambyses, the king of Persia.
Ancient historians such as Herodotus, Xenophon, and Quesas do not agree on how Cyrus is born. Although each story tells her birth story in a particular way, the explanation they give about the advent of Cyrus' birth is more like a legend. Famous historians such as Will Durant and Percy Sykes and Hassan Pirnia have come up with a description of the birth of Cyrus from Herodotus. According to Herodotus, Dehak Ahg was dreaming that his daughter was dying so much water that drowned Hamadan and the country of Mada and all over the land of Asia. Al-Dahak questioned his interpretation of sleep. They said that he would have a son who would overcome material. This led Dehakha to decide not to give her daughter to the elders, because she was afraid that her son-in-law would be a dangerous claimant for her bed and crown. Therefore, Dhakia gave his daughter marriage to the first Cambyses of Shah Anshin, the tributary of the Medes.
Mandana became pregnant after marrying Cambyses, and the king was dreaming this night that she had a tuxedo on her daughter's back, with her horns covering the entire Asia. The Madad king, this time, asked the Muggles to interpret his sleep, and they stated that his dream is that his daughter, Mandana, will be the son who will dominate Asia. Astyag was intimidated over his first dream, and so his daughter was called. His daughter came to Hamadan. Madad's king, on the basis of the dreams he had seen, was frightened by the child of his daughter, and then gave his daughter to one of her relatives, Harpagh, who was also minister and her successor, and ordered her to destroy Cyrus. Harpag brought the child home and shared the story with his wife. In response to his wife's question about the fate of Cyrus, Harpagh replied that he would not commit such a crime because the child's first child was pleasant to him. Second, since the Shah has no children, his daughter may be his successor; then it turns out that the mistress will not tolerate the death of her child. So he gave Cyrus one of the shepherds of the Shah, Mehrdad (Mithradat), and asked him to leave him at the behest of the Shah to leave a mountain in the forest in order to prey on Dodan.
Mithri Dats (Mehrdad) took her child to Ghahistan (south of Khorasan) and grew there. When she reached a stage of her life she had to go to school, she was in school. Cyrus in Qhistan not only learned to read and write, but also Learn livestock and recognize field plants. One day, Mithri Dats realized that Cyrus had a soft hair, and that the age of his son had reached the age of fifteen, and would reveal the secret of his birth, he took him to the fire temple of Qhustan, and said: "O you, Kourosh, you have surely sure that the boy If you are not, then I'm like you love my son
Cyrus said: If I am not your son, then who am I?
My father said: "Your father is one of the princes of Pars and Mother, but I will not tell you the name of your father and friend unless you swear an oath of no retaliation."
Cyrus, who was surprised by the man's words, asked why he might take revenge. Mitay Ray Dates said that on the occasion that when you were born, someone ordered your murder and that he should execute that command from your murder Refused to give you to me and I brought you to Ghahrestan and grew up here, and if you reveal the secret of his birth that he should murder you, he will not be killed, and you will be killed.
He will swear that he will not reveal the secret of his birth unless he or she is in danger. Then Mithri Dats revealed to him the secret of Cyrus's birth. His circle, knowing that he was a prince, spent another year in Ghahistan, thinking in the meanwhile how to make his way to his descendants He eventually realized that he was gaining entry to the army. When his lifetime, Cyrus, arrived at the age of sixteen, he farewell to his stepfather and took the hegemonic path of the Astyagh capital until he entered the military. The speed has progressed and promoted to the highest degree (due to the courage and merit shown in the war with Assyrian bandits) Commander of one hundred people). In the same year, Pars reported that Cambyses (Father Cyrus) was collecting their troops to attack Med. Atisyagh sent a message to Cambyses: I heard that they would gather their troops to attack my country. If they were to leave a country out of the country I am rape, but I am living with my groom, and I will accumulate from the straw. Cambyses received the message of the Madad king, he did not stop collecting soldiers, and Astyaga surely realized that Amir Pars intended to rape his country. It was that he ordered his army to assemble and command Harpagos, and said to him: "Go to Pars and leave the head of Cambyses out of the body and send to me. Before the king of Madad, from Hamadan, head to Persia, Astyazh according to Ordinarily, it seeks to come to their place (that is to say, visit their troops). The army, at the command of Harp GaS, was stationed at a point and officers were placed in front of their units, including Cyrus, who was commander of a Tchijak, against his soldiers. Astyagh ran a horse slowly across his troops, and Harpagos came behind him and called the Hara commanders to arrive in Cyrus. Before Harpagos took the name of the commander, the eyes of Astyages were clasped as Cyrus, and Annan took the horse. Harpagos He also stopped his horse, making Astyaga look at Cyrus without blinking, and the young officer did not mind the king, but not for fear, but for obedience to the military (since it was prescribed that when the commander-in-chief or officer was above a subordinate officer or one Looking at the soldier, the officer in charge or the commander should look into the commander's eye (a commanding officer in That officer's era did not seek to attract a king at the time of the visit, and Harpagos, when the king saw the young officer looking at him without talking, in turn, looked more closely at that officer. Astiage asked: "What's your name, young?" The young officer replied: "The kings are the name of Cyrus." Askania asked: "Who is your father?" The young officer replied: "The kings say they do not know that I do not know my dad." Hijaz told the army guard, "Harpagos This young man looks like a Cambyses that I saw when I saw that I was the son of Cambyses or his brother. Then he turned to Cyrus and asked him: "Are you with my cowboy my bride?" Cyrus said: "I have never seen him kings. M. Astigia moved his horse and fled from Cyrus, and after a few steps, Annan drew his horse and said to Harpagos: "Before tomorrow morning, their troops from here to the other side Pars moves on the father of this young officer, and I will report my result to my research. Harpagos said: "I obey. He saw that Astyage drove a horse a few steps further and talked with Harpagos about him and Harpagus showed up and realized that his life was in danger because, if Ayatigue knew that he was the son of Cambioia, he would kill him. His body was disturbed and unable to make a decision. He knew that, after the termination of San Harpagos, he would summon him and he would investigate him about his father and he could not lie and had to tell the truth (since ancient Ancient Iran was a lie of great sins), and then the harsh Pagos His true identity will be revealed to the Shah, and Atiyash will order his murder. Cyrus could leave the field before the end of the year and go to Pars himself with his father but escaped, and his military spirit did not allow him to escape, and knew that if he escaped, he would be condemned to himself. A young man He could not tell lies not to escape, and he had to give up his fate, that is to say, to tell the truth that the executioner would be separated from the body by the Ayatij's sentence. When Cyrus's thoughts came to this place, he recalled that Harpagos, the commander of the army, was the one commanded by Astyagh to kill him, but did not kill him, and handed him to Mittree Dats to take and nurture Quhistan. If Harpagos reveals his real identity to the king, he will be angry and will be killed, and Harpagos will probably find a way to save his life. As Ayatigh went and ended, Harpagus summoned Cyrus and summoned himself He went to the barracks and entered his own room. When Cyrus entered the room, Harpagos said: "Close up with your ignorance. Harpagos asked her: "Who is your young father?" Cyrus said: "My father is Cambyses II, the emperor of Pars." The colored harpagos jumped out of the face of Harpagos and said: "Young do not deny this." "How can I deny I can lie?" Harpagos said: Is your foster father Mythy Dates? "Cyrus said," Belhargapagos said, "Do you know me and you heard about me from your fat father?" Cyrus said: "Yes, and I know that after my being born, Atisagia took you to me and ordered I gave you my murder, but you pitied me and gave me to Mythry Dates. Harpagos said: "If you do not pity yourself, tell me.
Have mercy on me and I will save you from death and do not tell your father the name of your father and say that you do not know your father, because if the king understands that you are the son of Cambyses, you will kill me with the most terrible torture. He said: "You are the commander of the army and you can take me." Go away from the hegemony and order me to go to Persia in advance so that Astigia will not see me again, but if I see another time and ask me questions about my father, I have to tell the truth and I can not blame my soul with lying convicted. Harpagos did not have any other options, so he allowed Cyrus to go to Persia with his troops as a climber, Dieter made more distance between herself and Hegmatane than Astyaz did. He asked Harpagos the following day: What did you think about that young man? Harpagos said that the young man fled. It was known that Harpagos was lying and Cyrus He did not go to the command of his commander as he had gone. Asatiagh realized that Harpagus had cursed Cyrus and said, "Harpagos, you do not want to tell me the truth, is this young man the son of Cambioia?" Harpagos said: "Yesterday I was very researched I got to know who his father was, but he replied the answer he gave you and said that he did not know his father. Astijaj ordered That Harpagos will command the command of the troops to deploy the Pars to another and remain in the hegemony. His army faced with the guards of the Cambyses when they fled to Persia and they refused to allow him to say that if they intended to cross the border of Persia, His troops will be killed. Kourosh said he was willing to speak with Cambyses. The women who brought Cyrus to Cambyses closed his eyes to see the Cambyses troops and opened their eyes in the presence of Cambodia. When he opened his eyes to Cyrus, everyone was surprised at his father's resemblance to that young father. Cambodia said: "Who are you, young?" Cyrus said: "I am your son. Father. Cambodia called out and said," Which son, Cyrus, said: "My eldest son I am the same as I should be killed in Astyagh, but Harpagos refused to kill me. Then he briefly described the period of childhood to his separation from the Astyages for his father. Harpagos had a son named Codan who was also the age of Cyrus. Astyages, according to the customs of the kings of Med, who arranged on the first of every month parties, arranged a party and invited Harpagos to eat the Harpagus, cooked with codan meat. His support for his father was made. In the same year, the people became oppressed by the oppression of Astigues and joined Cyrus and his father. In the spring of 553 BC, Ciudad of Cyrus (Cambyses was killed during the war) defeated Astigia completely and entered the city of Hegmatane. And with the conquering of the ruler's hegemony Pars and Madd And founded the Achaemenid dynasty. In 546 BC, Crusader King Lydia began landing with the idea of victory over the Persian Gulf of Persia. Prior to the onslaught, he will ask the priest of the Delphic Temple in Greece to attack the Parsian, and the priest promised him that, if attacked, he would destroy a great empire. The war with Iran for Lydia was a historic catastrophe. Crossover was severely defeated. Cyrus brought the land of Lydia. Crousus became Iranian prisoners, and the land of Lydia (current Turkey) was annexed to the Cyrus monarchy, and the eastern borders of Iran reached the Aegean Sea. Cyrus crowned Crosso and made him a commander, and later the Crusaders and the Lydia army fought to advance Cyrus's broad security goals. His quest was a freethinker-free personality who defeated the gods and religions of failed nations Recognizing, freeing everyone in their religious rituals, placing their temples under the cover of state aid, and thereby attracting the hearts of all the defeated nations. The history of the eye was not so confident and conquer until that time, and the defeated nations did not have any choice but love for him, and his friendship was rooted in the hearts of all the nations under the rule of Iran. After The borders of Iran were near Babylon, and the Cambodian humanist and prominent prominence of the Middle East broke out and the Babylonians, who were not oppressed by the name of the oppressor, were forced to stretch out to Cyrus. Conquering the Babylonian Empire for Cyrus was carried out in cooperation with the Babylonians and the coordination of the clerics of Mordech. With the capture of Babylon, the Jewish people, who had more than 40,000 men and many years in captivity and oppression of the Babylonians, were able to liberate them and send them to their homeland. This was the step he brought to humanity for humanity and peace, and a fresh breeze from the east by Cyrus because of his respect for human rights and his plans and plans that the next emperors and even the post-Achaemenid dynasties All the maps of his country and his country were definitely modeled on his work. The Jews scribbled the name of the pastor and the messenger of God and the Greeks with the legislature. His faith in Iran was made open to the goal of reconciliation, equality, and the elimination of oppression and unrighteousness. Every country that he opened opened his sovereignty again to the same previous rulers to govern his land with his justice. In the past, he did not harm the temples and religious leaders of the defeated nations. After the capture of Babylon, he declared universal forgiveness, declared indigenous religions free, did not enslave any human being, and prevented his troops from invading their lives and possessions, and ordered He rebuilt the wreckage of the war and went ahead and began rebuilding the city wall. In the midst of forty thousand Jews were brought to the area by the Assyrian and Babylonian kings. Cyrus ordered their release And issued a promise to them to bring them back to their land. After the conquest of the brothel, dinner (Syria). Pheniciae and Palestine were also added to Iran's soil. In the famous cylinder called Human Rights Declaration, this human king wrote: I am Cyrus the Shah of the world, the great king, the great king, the king of Babylon, the king of Sumer and Akkad, the king of the four major world climates, Poor Cambyses the great king King Enshan, grandfather of Cyrus, the great king of the king of Anshan, from the dynasty of the kings of the distant past ... When I introduced the friendly step inside Babylon and among the joy of the people, the people of the palace of the kings and their conquerors, I conquered them, the great sultan of the men of the good hearts of the men of Babylon Make me come along with me because I've always been to make him big and sweet. My great army arrived in peace and order in Babylon. I did not allow anyone to rape and abuse in Sumer and Akkad. I established security and security in Babylon and other holy cities. From then on, the people of Babylon came to freedom and The yoke of slavery was taken from their souls ... I turned the people of these lands into their lands and returned them to their estate. The humanitarian treatment of Cyrus with his relatives made him a holy and supernatural person. The clerics of Babylon called him the Messenger of Mordecai, and the prophets of Israel called him the beast of the Lord and the Messiah and the actual incarnation of the God of Judges. Muslims call him Dhul-Qarrani, whose name is mentioned in the Qur'an. And how beautiful it has been said that the great flood: Cyrus is the symbol of the noble rulers and his name remains, because he does not return to the truth and help the people. The border of Cyrus in the east began from the boundaries of the Sindh River and the Sihon River, and in the west To the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea. Cyrus's role in the construction of history is of particular importance. In this regard, Xinofon says: "Cyrus was the largest and most magnificent country, and this vast land was curated by the power of its trench. Cyrus was so attached to the nations that lived in these lands, and they were cared for as if they were all He was the son of Ovind. The people of these lands also considered Vierra, the father and guardian of their own souls, in their bosom. The government agents in the Cyrus period displayed loyalty to all their covenants and promises, and they commanded him. "Cyrus died of about 23 years of reign. His body was buried in Pasargad. Charter of Cyrus the Great (First Declaration of Human Rights): Now, with the help of Mazda, the crown of the reign of Iran and Babylon and the countries of the Arabian lands, I declare: that until the day I live, and Mazda will succeed the monarchy. I will respect and observe the religion and customs of the nations that I am their king, and will not leave my rulers and subordinates, the religion and the customs of the nations that I am their king or other nations to humiliate or insult. From the day that I have crowned my throne, until the day I live, and Mazda will give me the kingdom, every time you put your monarchy on any nation imposing yarn I am not going to fight for the kingdom of Iran and Babylon and the other countries, I will not fight for the kingdom of this nation. If someone is oppressed, I will give him the right to wrong and I will punish him and punish the oppressor. I will not leave the immovable or movable property until the day I am king. Forced or otherwise, without paying the price and obtaining the consent of the owner of the property, I will not be able to capture until the day I am alive, that I will not leave someone else to the other Rice and pay without wages. Today, I declare that everyone is free to ask any religion he desires to reside at any point in which he wishes to reside, provided that there is a person's right to anger Do not take any job it desires and use it in any way that it wishes to, insofar as it does not harm others' rights. I declare that everyone is responsible for his actions and nobody Should not be punished for the fault of one of his relatives, the punishment of the siblings and vice versa is totally forbidden, and if a person fails to make a guilty family or tribe, The palace must be punished, not others, until the day I reign over Mazda, I will not allow men and women to be sold as slaves and bastards, and the rulers and subordinates of me are obliged, who, in the sphere of their government and their mission, prevent sales And buying men and women as slaves and slaves, and slavery should be completely lost in the world. And I want Mazda to succeed in fulfilling my obligations towards the nations of Iran and Babylon and the nations of the province. Cyrus's wife Great Cassadan, and like Cyrus from the Achaemenid descent. The connection between these two five children, called the Cambyses II, Atoosa, Bardia, Artiston, and Meroeaux, greatly loved Kourosh Kasadan, and after his death, they mourned the entire Cyrus Empire and sat in Babylon for six days. Atoosa later married Darius I, and became the mother of Xerxes, the powerful Persian king. Death of Cyrus The death of Cyrus is also unrelated to his birth, apparently. There is no reliable narrative about how Cyrus died. Herodotus, a city where Herodotus was brought about by the death of Cyrus, is emphasized by Masageti ... This narrative is related to this image and written by Herodotus:
In the end of his life, Cyrus was relieved in eastern parts of the country during the conquests that he had been in the west, and had been targeted by the invasion of the eastern neighbors, who fought for six years in the east. Many historians have counted the cause of the death of Cyrus in his war on a massacre tribe (or in the words of the Scythians). Ebrahim Bastani Parizi, in the preface to the translation of the book, "Zolgharenin or Cyrus the Great", describes what goes on after the death of Cyrus after the death: The fate of the body of Cyrus in the land of the Sikhs is another subject. Due to the Cambyses invasion of Egypt and his assassination on Egypt, the situation in the capital was disturbed so that Darius would fight and fight the insurgency and calm all the important cities of Babylonia, Hamadan and Pars and the northern and western provinces of Egypt. . An effective narrative is that after twenty years from the death of Cyrus, according to Darius, the corpses of Cyrus were thus transmitted to Pars: six hours before the arrival of the corpse in the city of Persepolis (Takht-e Jamshid), Darius was drove to the outside of the city The corpses welcomed the corpse and brought the corpse. The neo-natives, in front of the corpses of the corpse, were playing tragic songs, behind them were pilans and camels of the IRGC, and then three thousand unarmed soldiers, among them the elderly commanders who participated in the Cyrus wars. Behind them was the royal royal castle of Cyrus, which had four valleys, and eight white seals with a crater of gold. The corpse was on this sidewalk. Bodyguards and bodyguards were moving around the body. They sing special songs of the sun and Mars, and they stopped and burned up one step at a time. The golden coffin was in the middle of the wheel. The royal crown shone on the coffin, a cloth was placed on top of the wings of the women - this was a special sign and the motto of the Cyrus War. After that, the sepulcher was on a rally and wore a special boxer on Cyrus. After that, the objects and furniture of Zarin and Nafis and the supplies that were special to Cyrus, a vine of gold and a number of golden utensils and garments, were moving. As they reached the city, Darius stopped and forced the Mosaic people to stop, A sad face, calm down over the wheel, kissed the coffin; all the present were silent, and the breaths were imprisoned. Under the command of Darius, they opened the gates of the Palace of Shahi (Persepolis) and took the corpses to a certain palace. Up to three nights, the people were honored with the respect of Cyrus the same, and they were crowned with flowers and the priests were singing religious songs. The third day, when the golden sun rays on the towers of the Achaemenid palace, with the same ordinances, carried the corpse to Pasargad - A city of particular interest to Cyrus. Many rural people and Persian tribes had come to mourn through the roads and had flowers and flares. Along the Cyrus River, the meadows were Mosafa and Khorram. Among the shrubs of the green trees, they built a four-storey building, the walls of which were rocks. When Cyrus's body was brought to the ground, elderly elders and courageous youth mourned their mourning. It was blocked in the crypt, but still had eyes stitched to it, and nobody came up with excessive grief to be seen there. By the insistence of Dariush, Mashayeen, all returned after the religious ceremony, and only a few priests left the religious ceremony.
Xenophon also wrote that the death of Cyrus the Great was in Pars.
However, the death of Cyrus also has a complex and mysterious story and is still in the dark.
Cyrus Human Rights Charter
4-meter Cyrus Statue at the Sydney Olympic Park since 1944
